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March 2020 Viewpointe, Page 3

JICYMI from page 2 for Religious Relations with the Jews, said, “Whenever In Europe the presence of a large Muslim immigrant
there has been guilt on the part of the Christians, this burden population that was deeply concerned with events in the
religion and exonerated Jews for the murder of Jesus Christ should be a call to repentance.” Middle East was believed to have intensified anti-Semitism.
by universalizing responsibility for his Crucifixion. Nostra Although it might have seemed likely that anti-Semitism Often the targets of anti-Semitic actions were the most
aetate, arguably the most important document in Christian- would have been dealt a decisive blow by the collapse of the vulnerable of Jews living in immigrant neighborhoods. It
Jewish relations in the 20th century also changed the Good communist bloc in the early 1990s and by the transformation was argued that the large number of Muslim immigrants and
Friday liturgy to make it less inflammatory with regard to of the Roman Catholic Church’s and other Christian the absence of hate-crime legislation led some European
Jews and altered the Roman Catholic catechism. In 2007, denominations’ teaching regarding Jews, that was not the politicians to ignore or to downplay the significance of
however, Pope Benedict XVI approved wider use of the old case. In the 1980s and 1990s, international controversy over anti-Semitic incidents. Furthermore, anti-Semitic myths that
Latin mass, which included the Good Friday liturgy and a the legacies of Nazism in Austria and Switzerland triggered in the post-Holocaust era had been discarded by western
prayer that most Jews found offensive. Although the prayer increased anti-Semitism in those countries. Foreign concern Europe, such as the Protocols of the Learned Elders of
was revised in 2008 to address Jewish concerns, some argued over Kurt Waldheim’s Nazi past provoked angry anti- Zion and the blood libel, made their way into the Middle
that it was still prejudicial. Semitic reactions among some of his supporters during East, where they flourished with support from religious
A centerpiece of the papacy of Pope (later Saint) John his successful 1986 campaign for the Austrian presidency. authorities, the media, and some governments. Although
Paul II, who witnessed the Holocaust directly as a young During the late 1990s, when it was revealed that Swiss banks some observers were quick to argue that Islam was not by
man in Poland, was the fight against anti-Semitism and had laundered Nazi gold (much of it likely confiscated from its nature anti-Semitic, currents of fiercely anti-Israel and
his embrace of Jews. The pope paid a historic visit to a Jews) during World War II and had failed to return money to openly anti-Semitic beliefs were abroad in the Muslim
synagogue in Rome in 1986, and under his leadership the Jewish depositors after the war, international criticism and world.
Vatican established diplomatic relations with the State of demands for restitution provoked increased anti-Semitism in For many centuries, Islamic societies had tolerated
Israel in 1993, shortly after the conclusion of the Oslo peace Switzerland. In post communist Russia, political opposition Jews as people of the book and dhimmīs, subordinate yet
agreement between Israel and the Palestine Liberation to that country’s ruling regime and to the disproportionate protected people who were required to pay special taxes,
Organization. In March 2000 the pontiff visited Israel. representation of Jews among the powerful oligarchy often wear identifying clothing, and live in specified areas. Jews
At Yad Vashem, Israel’s memorial to the Holocaust, he had anti-Semitic overtones. were thus treated much as other nonbelievers were in
described anti-Semitism as anti-Christian in nature and Moreover, the founders of Zionism and the leaders of Muslim societies. But the immigration of large numbers
apologized for instances of anti-Semitism by Christians. At the State of Israel had presumed that the normalization of of Jews to Palestine in the 20th century and the creation of
the Western Wall, Judaism’s most-sacred site, he inserted a the Jewish condition—that is, the achievement of statehood the State of Israel (1948) in a formerly Arab region aroused
prayer note of apology for past Christian misdeeds into the and with it a flag and an army—would seriously diminish new currents of hostility within the Arab world. Because the
stones. anti-Semitism; however, from the Yom Kippur War of Arabs are Semites, their hostility to the State of Israel was
In 1998 the Vatican had published a document titled 1973 onward, the existence of the Israeli state seemed to primarily political (or anti-Zionist) and religious rather than
“We Remember: A Reflection on the Shoah,” which called have the opposite effect, fueling rather than quenching the racial. Whatever the motivation, however, the result was
upon the faithful to reflect upon the lessons of the Shoah long-standing fires of anti-Semitic hatred. Thus, in the first the adoption of many anti-Jewish measures throughout the
(the Holocaust). In presenting that document, Edward Idris decades of the new millennium, there seemed to be a marked Muslim countries of the Middle East. In response, most of
Cardinal Cassidy, president of the Holy See’s Commission rise in anti-Semitism. the Jewish residents of those countries immigrated to Israel
in the decades after its founding.
The vehemence of the anger and attacks against Israel,
Board Of Directors however, often appeared not to differentiate between Israelis
and Jews. Armed attacks were aimed at civilian and military
April 2019 – April 2020 Officers/Executive Committee targets alike. Some of those who were alarmed by increasing
anti-Semitism in the 21st century pointed to examples
of Muslim leaders’ employing anti-Semitic tropes when
Chairman and President Barry J. Haberman District 5 Dan Gabrielle (La Corniche) addressing their own populations. At the same time, the
Vice Chair Steve Retzer Esplanada, Caravelle, Palomar, La Corniche,
Vice President Gail Ehrlich and El Dorado Internet linked disparate group of anti-Semites and provided
2nd Vice President Jim Collins District 6 Marvin Lazarowitz (Villa Stel) an online community for previously isolated factions.
Secretary Steve King Villa Flora, Montego Bay, Villa Stel, and Palladium Other factors loomed large in the consideration of what
Treasurer Harvey Kaplan District 7 Joyce Britt (Villa Sonrisa) was characterized in the Western media as the “new anti-
The Plum/Cortina, Villa Sonrisa and Pointe 100 Semitism.” Notably, in many countries a significant part
District Directors District 8 Len Kagan (Costa del Sol) of the political left had become highly critical of Israel, a
District 1 Alvaro Fernandez Caballero (Encantada) Costa del Sol and Costa Brava development that was disquieting to Jews who were once
Encantada, Valencia and The Palms District 9 Robin Gliboff (Edgewater) comfortable on the left and felt that their erstwhile allies
District 2 Steve King (Imperial Royale) Edgewater Pointe Estates and Stratford Court had turned against Israel or Israeli policies. Some critics of
Promenade, Imperial Royale, Imperial, Regency those policies compared them to those of Nazi Germany,
and Panaché At Large Directors At Large Directors and in political cartoons Jewish figures were depicted in
District 3 Steve Retzer (La Mirada) Through 2020 Through 2021
La Mirada and Meridiana Carsten Bethge (Valencia) Howard Davis (La Corniche) a manner not dissimilar to Nazi propaganda. At the same
District 4 Bob Greenstein (La Paz) Jim Collins (Caravelle) Gail Ehrlich (Villa Flora)
El Viento, La Paz, and Southwinds Harvey Kaplan (Meridiana) Barry J. Haberman (Encantada) JICYMI on page 4

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