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JICYMI
Just In Case You Missed It (German for “Territorial Associations”) for Jews from the there were 1.5 million American Jews; in 2005 there were
same town or village. 5.3 million.
By Bob Kronish Leaders of the time urged assimilation and integration into On a theological level, American Jews are divided into
the wider American culture, and Jews quickly became part of a number of Jewish denominations, of which the most
Jews In Early America–– American life. During World War II, 500,000 American Jews, numerous are Reform Judaism, Conservative Judaism and
Part 1 about half of all Jewish males between 18 and 50, enlisted Orthodox Judaism. However, roughly 25% of American
The Jewish population of for service, and after the war, Jewish families joined the new Jews are unaffiliated with any denomination. Conservative
the U.S. is the product of waves trend of suburbanization, as they became wealthier and more Judaism arose in America and Reform Judaism was founded
of immigration primarily mobile. The Jewish community expanded to other major in Germany and popularized by American Jews.
from Europe; emigration cities, particularly around Los Angeles and Miami. Their Luis de Carabajal y Cueva, a Spanish conquistador and
was initially inspired by the young people attended secular high schools and colleges and converso first set foot in what is now Texas in 1570. The
pull of American social and met non-Jews, so that intermarriage rates soared to nearly first Jewish-born person to set foot on American soil was
entrepreneurial opportunities, 50%. Synagogue membership, however, grew considerably, Joachim Gans in 1584. Elias Legarde (a.k.a. Legardo) was
and later was a refuge from the peril of ongoing European from 20% of the Jewish population in 1930 to 60% in 1960. a Sephardic Jew who arrived at James City, Virginia, on the
antisemitism. Few ever returned to Europe, although The earlier waves of immigration and immigration Abigail in 1621. According to Leon Huhner, Legarde was
committed advocates of Zionism have made aliyah to Israel. restriction were followed by the Holocaust that destroyed from Languedoc, France, and was hired to go to the Colony
From a population of 1,000–2,000 Jewish residents in most of the European Jewish community by 1945; these to teach people how to grow grapes for wine. Elias Legarde
1790, mostly Dutch Sephardic Jews, Jews from England, also made the United States the home for the largest Jewish
and British subjects, the American Jewish community grew population in the world outside of the State of Israel. In 1900 JICYMI on page 3
to about 15,000 by 1840, and to about 250,000 by 1880.
Most of the mid-19th century Ashkenazi Jewish immigrants
to the U.S. came from German-speaking states, among the
general German migration to the U.S. They initially spoke
German, and settled across the nation, assimilating with their
new countrymen; the Jews among them commonly engaged
in trade, manufacturing, and operated dry goods (clothing)
stores in many cities.
Between 1880 and the start of World War I in 1914, about
2,000,000 Yiddish-speaking Ashkenazi Jews immigrated
from Eastern Europe, where repeated pogroms made life
untenable. They came from Russia, the Pale of Settlement
(modern Poland, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova),
and the Russian-controlled portions of Poland. The latter
group clustered in New York City, created the garment
industry there, which supplied the dry goods stores across
the country, and were heavily engaged in the trade unions.
They immigrated among other, non-Jewish, eastern
and southern European immigrants, which was unlike the
historically predominant American demographic from
northern and western Europe; Records indicate between
1880 and 1920 that these new immigrants rose from less than
five percent of all European immigrants to nearly 50%. This
feared change caused renewed nativist sentiment, the birth
of the Immigration Restriction League, and congressional
studies by the Dillingham Commission from 1907 to 1911.
The Emergency Quota Act of 1921 established
immigration restrictions specifically on these groups, and
the Immigration Act of 1924 further tightened and codified
these limits. With the ensuing Great Depression, and despite
worsening conditions for Jews in Europe with the rise of
Nazi Germany, these quotas remained in place with minor
alterations until the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965.
Jews quickly created support networks consisting of many
small synagogues and Ashkenazi Jewish Landsmannschaften
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