Page 3 - Boca ViewPointe - April '20

April 2020 Viewpointe, Page 3

JICYMI from page 2 charter granted liberty of conscience to all settlers, expressly of Newport, Rhode Island, in a letter dated August 17, 1790:
mentioning “Jews, heathens, and dissenters.” As a result, “May the children of the stock of Abraham who dwell in the
was living in Buckroe in Elizabeth City in February 1624. Charleston, South Carolina has a particularly long history land continue to merit and enjoy the goodwill of the other
Legarde was employed by Anthonie Bonall, who was of Sephardic settlement, which in 1816 numbered over 600, inhabitants. While everyone shall sit safely under his own
a French silk maker and vigneron (cultivator of vineyards then the largest Jewish population of any city in the United vine and fig-tree and there shall be none to make him afraid.”
for winemaking), one of the men from Languedoc sent to States. In 1790, the approximate 2,500 Jews in America faced a
the colony by John Bonall, keeper of the silkworms of King Sephardic Dutch Jews were also among the early number of legal restrictions in various states that prevented
James I. In 1628 Legarde leased 100 acres (40 ha) on the settlers of Newport (where Touro Synagogue, the country’s non-Christians from holding public office and voting, but
west side of Harris Creek in Elizabeth City. oldest surviving synagogue building, stands), Savannah, Delaware, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Georgia soon
Josef Mosse and Rebecca Isaake are documented in Philadelphia and Baltimore. In New York City, Shearith Israel eliminated these barriers, as did the Bill of Rights in 1791
Elizabeth City in 1624. John Levy patented 200 acres of land Congregation is the oldest continuous congregation started generally.
on the main branch of Powell’s Creek, Virginia, around 1648, in 1687 having their first synagogue erected in 1728, and its Sephardic Jews became active in community affairs in
Albino Lupo who traded with his brother, Amaso de Tores, in current building still houses some of the original pieces of the 1790s, after achieving “political equality in the five states
London. Two brothers named Silvedo and Manuel Rodriguez that first. in which they were most numerous.” Other barriers did not
are documented to be in Lancaster County, Virginia, around In 1740 Parliament passed the Plantation Act to regularize officially fall for decades in the states of Rhode Island (1842),
1650. None of the Jews in Virginia were forced to leave under and encourage immigration; the law specifically permitted North Carolina (1868), and New Hampshire (1877).
any conditions. Solomon Franco, a Jewish merchant, arrived Jews and other nonconformists to be naturalized in their Despite these restrictions, which were often enforced
in Boston in 1649; subsequently he was given a stipend from American colonies. By the time of American Revolution, unevenly, there were really too few Jews in 17th- and 18th-
the Puritans there, on condition he leave on the next passage the Jewish population in America was still small, with only century America for anti-Jewish incidents to become a
back to Holland. 1,000 to 2,000, in a colonial population of about 2.5 million. significant social or political phenomenon at the time. The
In September, in 1654, shortly before the Jewish New Revolutionary era evolution for Jews from toleration to full civil and political
Year, twenty-three Jews from the Sephardic community in the By 1776 and the War of Independence, around 2,000 equality that followed the American Revolution helped ensure
Netherlands, coming from Recife, Brazil, then a Dutch colony, Jews lived in America, most of them Sephardic Jews who that Antisemitism would never become as common as in
arrived in New Amsterdam (New York City). Governor Peter immigrated from Spain and Portugal. They played a role in Europe.
Stuyvesant tried to enhance his Dutch Reformed Church by the struggle for independence, including fighting the British, 19th Century
discriminating against other religions, but religious pluralism with Francis Salvador being the first Jew to die, and playing a Following traditional religious and cultural teachings
was already a tradition in the Netherlands and his superiors role in financing the revolution, with one of the key financiers about improving the lot of their brethren, Jewish residents
(a number of them Jews) at the Dutch West India Company being Haym Solomon. in the United States began to organize their communities
in Amsterdam overruled him. In 1664 the English conquered The highest ranking Jewish officer of the Colonial in the early 19th century. Early examples include a Jewish
New Amsterdam and renamed it New York. forces was Colonel Mordecai Sheftall. Others, like David orphanage set up in Charleston, South Carolina in 1801, and
Early Jewish Congregations in the 13 British Colonies Salisbury Franks, despite loyal service in both the Continental the first Jewish school, Polonies Talmud Torah, established
in North America. Army and the American diplomatic corps, suffered from in New York in 1806. In 1843, the first national secular
Religious tolerance was also established elsewhere in his association as aide-de-camp for the traitorous general Jewish organization in the United States, the B’nai B’rith
the colonies; the colony of South Carolina, for example, Benedict Arnold. was established.
was originally governed under an elaborate charter drawn President George Washington remembered the Jewish Jewish Texans have been a part of Texas History since the
up in 1669 by the English philosopher John Locke. This contribution when he wrote to the Sephardic congregation first European explorers arrived in the 16th century. Spanish
Texas did not welcome easily identifiable Jews, but they came
Board Of Directors in any case. Jao de la Porta was with Jean Laffite at Galveston,
Texas in 1816, and Maurice Henry was in Velasco in the late

April 2019 – April 2020 Officers/Executive Committee 1820s. Jews fought in the armies of the Texas Revolution of
1836, some with Fannin at Goliad, others at San Jacinto. Dr.
Albert Levy became a surgeon to revolutionary Texan forces
Chairman and President Barry J. Haberman District 5 Dan Gabrielle (La Corniche)
Vice Chair Steve Retzer Esplanada, Caravelle, Palomar, La Corniche, in 1835, participated in the capture of Béxar, and joined the
Vice President Gail Ehrlich and El Dorado Texas Navy the next year.
2nd Vice President Jim Collins District 6 Marvin Lazarowitz (Villa Stel) By 1840, Jews constituted a tiny, but nonetheless stable,
Secretary Steve King Villa Flora, Montego Bay, Villa Stel, and Palladium middle-class minority of about 15,000 out of the 17 million
Treasurer Harvey Kaplan District 7 Joyce Britt (Villa Sonrisa) Americans counted by the U.S. Census. Jews intermarried
The Plum/Cortina, Villa Sonrisa and Pointe 100 rather freely with non-Jews, continuing a trend that had
District Directors District 8 Len Kagan (Costa del Sol) begun at least a century earlier. However, as immigration
District 1 Alvaro Fernandez Caballero (Encantada) Costa del Sol and Costa Brava increased the Jewish population to 50,000 by 1848, negative
Encantada, Valencia and The Palms District 9 Robin Gliboff (Edgewater) stereotypes of Jews in newspapers, literature, drama, art, and
District 2 Steve King (Imperial Royale) Edgewater Pointe Estates and Stratford Court popular culture grew more commonplace and physical attacks
Promenade, Imperial Royale, Imperial, Regency became more frequent.
and Panaché At Large Directors At Large Directors
District 3 Steve Retzer (La Mirada) Through 2020 Through 2021 More next month.
La Mirada and Meridiana Carsten Bethge (Valencia) Howard Davis (La Corniche)
District 4 Bob Greenstein (La Paz) Jim Collins (Caravelle) Gail Ehrlich (Villa Flora) For copies of this and other articles that have appeared in
El Viento, La Paz, and Southwinds Harvey Kaplan (Meridiana) Barry J. Haberman (Encantada) this column, go to bobkronish.blogspot.com. Send comments
to bobkro@hotmail.com. 

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