Page 4 - PGA Community News - February '20
P. 4
Page 4, PGA C.A.N.! February 2020 February 2020
Northern Notes
Fish Kills And Incredible by the cold and can totally
disappear. This leaves the
Flipping Lakes fish vulnerable to bacteria
and other adverse elements in
By Katie Roundtree, its environment which cause
Finance Director, Northern further harm. The longer the
Palm Beach County cold temperatures remain,
Improvement District the greater the potential for
Fish kills typically mortality and secondary
occur in South Florida effects.
when water temperatures Another way fish are killed
drop as a result of cold by cold occurs in stratified
weather. For exotic and lakes that have a warm layer
nonnative fish initially, of water on top of a colder
the cold itself causes the layer. Lakes are typically
fish to die; second, the stratified into a warmer, less
protective mucus that coats each fish is weakened dense, oxygen rich layer
on top and a cooler, denser,
oxygen poor layer on the
bottom. The difference in density does not allow these level versus the lower layer. The fish living in this upper
layers to mix. The point where you have the greatest layer now have less oxygen and may die as a result. In
temperature difference is called the “thermocline” addition, the bottom sediments are stirred and anaerobic
and it marks the transition from warm, oxygen rich conditions are mixed throughout the entire pond. As
Garage sales/yard sales water to cooler, anaerobic water (lacking oxygen). In a this happens, it brings up mass quantities of sulfur and
stratified pond, the water close to the pond bottom and
methane gas which is released into the atmosphere. This
are NOT allowed in the associated sediment layer is devoid of oxygen and can also lead to fish kills.
Lake flipping is critical to lakes in colder regions since
can only support anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria are
PGA National. inefficient at breaking down the organic material that the oxygen rich layer flips to the bottom allowing for
settles on the pond bottom (leaves, grass, algae, aquatic
the fish to live in deeper water during the winter. When
sales vegetation, etc.). As a result, a thick layer of decaying the lakes are a uniform temperature and density, it takes
“muck” accumulates here over time. High levels of relatively little wind energy to mix water deep into the
methane and sulfur gases concentrate in this layer. Due to lake. Wind moves highly oxygenated surface water to
this water quality, fish are not able to utilize that portion the lake bottom, forcing low oxygen water from the lake
of the pond below the thermocline. bottom up to the surface where it becomes saturated with
When the temperature drops or a sudden cooler rain oxygen. This is critical for aquatic organisms, as once
happens, the oxygen rich water on the top becomes much the lakes freeze over for the winter, no new oxygen gets
cooler and dense and sinks to the bottom. The cooler mixed into the lake from the atmosphere, and what is in
denser, oxygen depleted (anerobic) layer will then mix the lake must last until ice melts in the spring.
with the rest of the lake, causing the oxygen level to NPDES tip: Please do not put any excess oils, paints
drop. This is a process called “flipping” or “turnover.” or solvents into lakes, canals, or storm drains! They go
As a result, the upper layer now has the lower oxygen directly into the groundwater supply.
Wanted
People are vandalizing
golf courses after play
hours. Sand traps,
greens and fairways are
being damaged. If you • Remodels / New Construction / Additions
see anyone on courses • New Roofs / Roof Replacements
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POA Security • Gutter Installation / Cleaning
at 627-1600 • Damaged / Missing Roof Tiles
or Resort Security, • Fascia / Soffit Repair
• Pressure Cleaning
627-2000. • Handyman Services
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