Page 17 - Boca Club News - July '22
P. 17

Boca Club News, Page 17
      Medical Matters: Shingles




      By Richard Nagler, M.D., a member                 taste can occur. This is called the Ramsay Hunt Syndrome.  recombinant vaccine made from a single protein from the
      of Broken Sound Club and retired                     Seniors are the ones most likely to have complications as   outer shell of the Herpes Zoster virus. It has been proven to
      physician. After graduating from the              their immune systems are weaker and are at greater risk of   protect 95% of adults over the age of 50, and the effectiveness
      University of Pennsylvania and New                more extensive rashes and secondary bacterial infections from   extends well into the 80s. The CDC has voted to make it the
      York University’s School of Medicine,             open blisters, making them more susceptible to pneumonia,   preferred vaccine. It is recommended for all adults over 50,
      Dr. Nagler served his internship and              brain and spinal inflammation. In addition, people who have   even including those who have been previously vaccinated
      residency at Baltimore City Hospital              diseases or conditions that weaken their immune systems,   with Zostavax. It protects older people with compromised
      and Johns Hopkins. He followed that               such as HIV infections, AIDS, cancer, those undergoing   immune systems as well. The vaccine is administered in two
      with a Fellowship in Gastroenterology             radiation or chemotherapy, on steroids, or on anti-rejection   doses, two months apart. For most recipients, side effects like
      at Yale University School of Medicine, and was then Chief   medications given to people after an organ transplant, are at   pain, redness and minor swelling in the upper arms for a day
      of Gastroenterology at Fitzimmons General Army Hospital   the greatest risk of developing these complications, which   or two occurs. About half of those over 70 have systemic side
      in Denver. He returned to the Yale Medical School for one   can become life-threatening.             effects, such as fatigue, fever or aching joints lasting a few
      year as an Assistant Professor of Medicine before opening      In most cases the rash usually resolves in several weeks,   days. But the hazards of Shingles and its complications dwarf
      his own successful private practice in Internal Medicine   but it may last longer. The severe pain due to nerve fibers   any of these relatively minor transient side effects. Medicare
      and Gastroenterology. During that time, he also served for   being damaged often continues even after the rash has   will cover Shingrix under part D, not under part B like the
      ten years as Chief of Medicine at Huntington Hospital in   cleared, and may last for weeks, months or even years. This   flu vaccine.
      Huntington, N.Y.                                  is called post-herpetic neuralgia, which occurs in 10 to 15%      While there is no cure for Shingles, once the disease is
         Shingles (Herpes Zoster) is an infection caused by the   of cases and is seen especially in the elderly. In 4% of cases,   evident there are treatments that can be employed with some
      Herpes-Zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes   Shingles may recur.                       benefit, especially when they are instituted early. Antivirals
      Chicken Pox. After an infection with Chicken Pox, the virus      The diagnosis is usually easy once the distinctive rash   such as Acyclovir can shorten the duration of the disease;
      may live in the nervous system indefinitely and then later in   appears. However, in some cases there may be no discernable   topical Zostrix cream, prednisone, special eye drops, anti-
      life reactivates as Shingles. More than a million cases occur   rash, or the pain and burning may appear before the rash   inflammatory drugs such as Advil and Tylenol, opiates,
      every year in the United States, with the risk rising sharply   appears. There may be an atypical presentation, which can be   anti-histamines, lidocaine patches and gels offer some relief
      every year after 50; and for those over the age of 80 there is a   confused with Herpes Simplex, impetigo, contact dermatitis,   of pain, which can continue for months, even years in some
      one in three chance of getting Shingles. The first symptoms of   folliculitis, Scabies, an insect bite, urticaria and a fungal   cases.
      Shingles are usually pain, itching, parasthesias and a burning   infection. In these situations, analyses of the fluid aspirated
      sensation exclusively on one side of the body. This is called   from the blisters identifying the varicella virus will make the
      the pre-eruptive phase and can last from 1 to 10 days.  diagnosis.
         It may be associated with headaches, fever, malaise,      Shingles is contagious for anyone who has never had
      muscle and nerve pain. This is followed by the appearance of   chickenpox, but not for those who have had it in the past.
      a typical rash of red patches of fluid-filled blisters that break   The rash should always be covered, frequent hand washing
      easily, crust and involute. They are most often found wrapping   employed and strict avoidance of contact with anyone who
      around the torso from the spine towards the mid-abdomen   never had chickenpox. Although it is rare in pregnancy, when
      and on the face. Severe, sometimes incapacitating pain and   it occurs there is a significant risk of birth defects.
      itching is a prominent feature. It may be accompanied with      In order to prevent the development of Shingles, all
      systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, headaches, fatigue   adults over the age of 60 should be vaccinated against it. For
      and muscle weakness. Swelling of regional lymph nodes is   many years the only vaccine available was Zostavax, which
      common. More serious complications may occur with the   contains a weakened chicken pox virus. It was effective in just
      rash involving the eye, which can cause permanent damage   50% of patients and, more importantly, the vaccine’s potency
      to the cornea, glaucoma, retinitis, optic neuritis, lid retraction,   wanes to the point that after 10 years protection is down to
      ptosis, extra-ocular muscle paralysis, and even blindness.   zero. It is no longer available, as it has been replaced by a new
      When Shingles affects the facial nerve near the ear, facial   vaccine now approved by the Food and Drug Administration
      paralysis, hearing loss, tinnitus with vertigo and a loss of   that represents a major breakthrough called Shingrix, a
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