Page 12 - Lifestyle in Palm Beach Gardens - March '21

Page 12, Lifestyles in Palm Beach Gardens
Cairo And Giza

Separated By The Nile … The great Muslim ruler
Saladin built a citadel at Cairo in
Thousands Of Years Apart the 12th century. For security he
also began to wall in a quarter
By Don Kiselewski, MCC, of the city for the various people
D.S., Palm Beach Gardens who had settled in the area.
Travel Leaders These actions set the stage for
By today’s standards, great growth and prosperity
Cairo is one of Egypt’s newest in the city. In the later Middle
cities. Cairo just celebrated Ages, Cairo became the center
its first millennium only of trade between Europe and the
30 years ago, while other East and one of the chief seats
cities in Egypt – Thebes of Muslim culture. And, by the
and Memphis, for example mid-14th century, Cairo had a
– have already chalked off population of 500,000 people
their third. who lived on the east bank of The pyramids at Giza
Sometimes our sense of history becomes distorted as to the Nile, and it had become
what was where and when it was there. The fact is, there was greater than any city in Europe,
no city located at Cairo in the time of the pharaohs or in later Africa or Asia Minor.
Roman or Greek days. It was only after the Muslim armies, As with anything of great
which came from Arabia, crushed the Byzantine power of value, Cairo became the object
Egypt, that the city had its beginning. Alexandria, the great to be had. In 1517, Cairo
city at the western end of the Nile Delta, surrendered without became part of the Ottoman
a fight. The victorious General ‘Amr ibn al-‘As wanted to Empire when it fell to the
make Alexandria the great seaport of his conquest. However, Turks, who reduced it to a
Umar I, the second Muslim caliph, quickly pointed out that provincial capital. Napoleon
when the Nile flooded, as it did every year, the city would seized the city in 1798 in
be cut off from the Arabian homeland. To overcome this the Battle of the Pyramids,
problem, a city would have to be constructed on the east but Admiral Horatio Nelson
bank of the Nile. destroyed his fleet. The French
‘Amr made the final site selection for the city, across were driven out of the city
the Nile from the great burial grounds of the pharaohs at three years later by British and
Giza. In the centuries that followed, the Muslims continued Turkish forces. The city was
to war against each other in the area, and as a result, the then handed back to the Turks,
settlement was destroyed and rebuilt several times. The although the British retained
Fatimid Caliphate founded the present city in 968 and called special interest in Cairo. A Saladin Citadel in Cairo
it al-Qahira or “The Victorious.” Al-Qahira was subsequently modern city grew up in the
altered to Cairo. 19th century between the Saladin Citadel, with its walled of the city is by donkey or camel. New Cairo, on the other hand,
settlement on Mokattam hill, and the Nile. is a modern city. Its streets are lined with modern apartments,
Today Cairo is two distinct cities. Old Cairo has many fine skyscrapers, office and government buildings, hotels and over
examples of Arab architecture, but most of the city stands with two dozen museums.
its mud-brick tenements, which have become the slums. The
streets are narrow and unpaved, and transportation in this part Cairo And Giza on page 13

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